Uphuhliso lweenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina zihambelana ngokusondeleyo nophuhliso lwezixhobo ezisisigxina zemagnethi. I-China lilizwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukufumanisa iimpawu zemagneti zezixhobo ezisisigxina zemagnethi kwaye zisebenzise ekusebenzeni. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-2,000 eyadlulayo, iChina yasebenzisa iipropathi zemagneti zezixhobo zemagnethi ezisisigxina ukwenza iikhampasi, ezidlale indima enkulu kuhambo lokuhamba, emkhosini nakweminye imimandla, kwaye yaba yenye yezinto ezine ezinkulu eziveliswe eTshayina yamandulo.
Injini yokuqala emhlabeni, eyavela ngeminyaka yee-1920s, yayiyinjini yemagnethi esisigxina eyayisebenzisa iimagnethi ezisisigxina ukuvelisa amandla emagnethi avuselelayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-magnetic material esisigxina eyayisetyenziswa ngelo xesha yayiyimagnetite yendalo (Fe3O4), eyayinoxinzelelo lwamandla aphantsi kakhulu. I-motor eyenziwe ngayo yayinkulu ngobukhulu kwaye ngokukhawuleza yatshintshwa yi-motor excitation motor.
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweenjini ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuveliswa kwemagnetiza yangoku, abantu benze uphando olunzulu malunga nomatshini, ukwakheka kunye nokuveliswa kwetekhnoloji yemathiriyeli yamagnetic esisigxina, kwaye baye bafumanisa ngokulandelelana izinto ezahlukeneyo zemagnethi ezisisigxina ezifana ne-carbon steel, tungsten. intsimbi (ubuninzi bemveliso yamandla kazibuthe malunga ne-2.7 kJ / m3), kunye nentsimbi ye-cobalt (ubuninzi bemveliso yamandla ombane malunga ne-7.2 kJ / m3).
Ngokukodwa, ukubonakala kwe-aluminiyam nickel cobalt imagnethi esisigxina kwi-1930s (ubuninzi bemveliso yamandla kazibuthe inokufikelela kwi-85 kJ / m3) kunye nemagnethi esisigxina ye-ferrite kwi-1950s (ubuninzi bemveliso yamandla ombane inokufikelela kwi-40 kJ / m3) baye baphucula kakhulu iimpawu zemagnethi. , kunye neenjini ezahlukeneyo ezincinci kunye ezincinci ziqalisile ukusebenzisa imagnethi esisigxina excitation.Amandla eenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina ukusuka kwimilliwatts ezimbalwa ukuya kwamashumi eekilowatts. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu emkhosini, kwimveliso yemveliso kunye nezolimo kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla, kwaye imveliso yabo iye yanda kakhulu.
Ngokuhambelanayo, ngeli xesha, ukuphumelela kuye kwenziwa kwithiyori yoyilo, iindlela zokubala, imagneti kunye netekhnoloji yokuvelisa iimotor ezisisigxina zemagnethi, ukwenza iseti yohlalutyo kunye neendlela zophando ezimelwe yindlela yedayagramu yemagnethi esisigxina. Nangona kunjalo, amandla okunyanzeliswa kweemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-AlNiCo ziphantsi (36-160 kA / m), kunye noxinano lwemagnethi olushiyekileyo lwemagnethi esisigxina alukho phezulu (0.2-0.44 T), oluthintela uluhlu lwabo lwesicelo kwiimotor.
Kwakungekho de kwangoo-1960 kunye no-1980 apho iimagnethi ezisisigxina ze-cobalt zomhlaba kunye neodymium iron boron magnetic ezisisigxina (ezibizwa ngokuba ziimagnethi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisigxina) zaphuma emva kwenye. Iimpawu zabo zemagneti ezibalaseleyo zoxinaniso oluphezulu lwemagnethi olushiyekileyo, amandla aphezulu okunyanzeliswa, imveliso yamandla kazibuthe ephezulu kunye nejiko le-demagnetization elilinganayo lilungele ngokukodwa ukwenza iimotor, ngaloo ndlela zingenisa uphuhliso lweenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina kwixesha elitsha lembali.
1.Izinto eziphathekayo ezisisigxina
Izixhobo zemagnethi ezisisigxina eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwiimotor ziquka imagnethi edibeneyo kunye neemagnethi eziboshiweyo, ezona ntlobo ziphambili yi-aluminium nickel cobalt, i-ferrite, i-samarium cobalt, i-neodymium iron boron, njl.
I-Alnico: Imathiriyeli yemagnethi esisigxina ye-Alnico yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimagnethi esisigxina, kwaye inkqubo yayo yokulungiselela kunye netekhnoloji ivuthiwe.
I-ferrite esisigxina: Kwi-1950s, i-ferrite yaqala ukukhula, ngakumbi kwi-1970s, xa i-strontium ferrite ene-coercivity elungileyo kunye nokusebenza kwamandla kazibuthe yafakwa kwimveliso ngobuninzi obukhulu, ngokukhawuleza ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-ferrite esisigxina. Njengezinto ezingezizo ezentsimbi, i-ferrite ayinayo into engalunganga ye-oxidation elula, ubushushu obuphantsi beCurie kunye neendleko eziphezulu zezixhobo zemagnethi ezisisigxina, ngoko ke ithandwa kakhulu.
I-Samarium cobalt: Isixhobo semagnethi esisigxina esineempawu ezibalaseleyo zemagneti ezavela phakathi koo-1960 kwaye zisebenza ngokuzinzileyo. I-Samarium cobalt ilungele ngokukodwa ukwenza iimotor ngokweempawu zemagnethi, kodwa ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphezulu, isetyenziswa ikakhulu kuphando kunye nophuhliso lweemoto zomkhosi ezinje ngenqwelomoya, i-aerospace, kunye nezixhobo, kunye neemoto kwiindawo zobugcisa obuphezulu apho. ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nexabiso ayiyona nto iphambili.
I-NdFeB: I-NdFeB i-magnetic material yi-alloy ye-neodymium, i-iron oxide, njl., eyaziwa ngokuba yintsimbi yemagnethi. Inemveliso yamandla emagnethi ephezulu kakhulu kunye namandla okunyanzela. Kwangaxeshanye, iingenelo zokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu zenza i-NdFeB imathiriyeli yemagnethi esisigxina isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kushishino lwanamhlanje kunye netekhnoloji ye-elektroniki, okwenza kube lula ukwenza izinto ezincinci, zikhanyise kwaye zincinci izixhobo ezifana nezixhobo, iimotor zombane, ukwahlula kumagnethi kunye nemagneti. Kuba iqulethe isixa esikhulu se-neodymium kunye nentsimbi, kulula ukurusa. I-Surface chemical passivation sesinye sezisombululo ezilungileyo ngoku.
Ukumelana nokubola, ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza, ukusebenza kokusetyenzwa, ukumila kwegophe le-demagnetization,
kunye nothelekiso lwexabiso lezinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo umazibuthe kwiinjini (Figure)
2.Impembelelo yobume bensimbi yamagnetic kunye nokunyamezela ekusebenzeni kwemoto
1. Impembelelo yobunzima bentsimbi yamagnetic
Xa isiphaluka samagnetic sangaphakathi okanye sangaphandle silungisiwe, i-gap yomoya iyancipha kwaye i-flux yamagnetic esebenzayo iyanda xa ubukhulu bunyuka. Ukubonakaliswa okucacileyo kukuba isantya esingenamthwalo siyancipha kwaye akukho mthwalo wangoku uyancipha phantsi kwe-magnetism efanayo eseleyo, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwemoto kuyanda. Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho izinto ezingeloncedo, ezinje ngokunyuka kokushukuma kwemotor kunye nokunyuka okuthe kratya kwegophe lemoto. Ke ngoko, ubukhulu bentsimbi ye-motor magnetic kufuneka bungqinelane kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukungcangcazela.
2.Impembelelo yobubanzi bentsimbi yamagnetic
Kwiimagnethi zemoto ezingenabrushless ezisondeleleneyo, umsantsa oqokelelweyo uwonke awunakudlula i-0.5 mm. Ukuba incinci kakhulu, ayiyi kufakwa. Ukuba inkulu kakhulu, injini iya kungcangcazela kwaye inciphise ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kungenxa yokuba indawo yeHolo elinganisa indawo yemagnethi ayihambelani nendawo yokwenene umazibuthe, kwaye ububanzi kufuneka buhambelane, kungenjalo i-motor iya kuba nokusebenza okuphantsi kunye nokungcangcazela okukhulu.
Kwiimoto ezibrashwayo, kukho umsantsa othile phakathi kweemagnethi, ogcinelwe ummandla wotshintsho lomatshini. Nangona kukho umsantsa, uninzi lwabavelisi baneenkqubo ezingqongqo zofakelo lwemagnethi zokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kofakelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe indawo echanekileyo yofakelo lwemagnethi yemoto. Ukuba ububanzi bemagnethi budlula, ayiyi kufakwa; ukuba ububanzi bemagnethi buncinci kakhulu, kuya kubangela ukuba umazibuthe ulungelelaniswe kakuhle, i-motor iya kungcangcazela ngakumbi, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kuya kuncitshiswa.
3.Impembelelo ye-magnetic steel chamfer size kunye ne-non-chamfer
Ukuba i-chamfer ayenziwanga, isantya sokutshintsha kwentsimi yamagnetic kumda wemagnethi yemoto iya kuba nkulu, ibangele i-motor pulsation. Okukhona i-chamfer inkulu, incinci ukungcangcazela. Nangona kunjalo, i-chamfering ngokubanzi ibangela ilahleko ethile kwi-magnetic flux. Kwezinye iinkcukacha, ukulahleka kwe-magnetic flux yi-0.5 ~ 1.5% xa i-chamfer i-0.8. Kwiimoto ezixutyiweyo ezinezibuthe ezishiyekileyo, ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ubungakanani be-chamfer kuya kunceda ukubuyisela imagnethi eshiyekileyo, kodwa ukubetha kwemoto kuya kunyuka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa i-magnetism eshiyekileyo iphantsi, ukunyamezela kwicala lobude kunokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo, okunokunyusa i-flux yamagnetic esebenzayo kumgama othile kwaye igcine ukusebenza kwemoto ngokungatshintshiyo.
3.Amanqaku kwiinjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina
1. Ubume besiphaluka semagnethi kunye nokubala koyilo
Ukuze unike umdlalo opheleleyo kwiipropathi zemagneti zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zemagnethi ezisisigxina, ngakumbi ezona mpawu zibalaseleyo zemagnethi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, kunye nokwenza iimotor zemagnethi ezingabizi kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa nje ubume kunye neendlela zokubala zoyilo. iimotor umazibuthe osisigxina okanye iimotor ze-electromagnetic excitation motors. Iikhonsepthi ezintsha zoyilo kufuneka zisekwe ukuhlalutya kwakhona kunye nokuphucula ubume besekethe yamagnetic. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwehardware yekhompyuter kunye nobuchwepheshe besoftware, kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweendlela zoyilo zale mihla ezinje ngokubala kwamanani entsimi ye-electromagnetic, uyilo lokuphucula kunye netekhnoloji yokulinganisa, kwaye ngeenzame ezidibeneyo zoluntu lwezemfundo kunye nobunjineli, impumelelo iye yaphunyezwa. eyenziwe kwithiyori yoyilo, iindlela zokubala, iinkqubo zolwakhiwo kunye nolawulo lwetekhnoloji yeenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina, zenza iseti epheleleyo yohlalutyo kunye neendlela zophando kunye nohlalutyo oluncediswa yikhompyuter kunye nesoftware yoyilo edibanisa intsimi ye-electromagnetic yokubala kwamanani kunye nesisombululo esilinganayo sohlalutyo lwesekethe yemagnethi, kunye iphuculwa rhoqo.
2. Ingxaki ye-demagnetization engabuyiselekiyo
Ukuba uyilo okanye ukusetyenziswa akufanelekanga, i-injini yemagnethi esisigxina inokuvelisa i-demagnetization engaguqukiyo, okanye i-demagnetization, xa ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu (i-NdFeB umazibuthe osisigxina) okanye iphantsi kakhulu (i-ferrite umazibuthe osisigxina), phantsi kwempendulo ye-armature ebangelwa yimpembelelo yangoku, okanye phantsi kwe-vibration enzima yomatshini, eya kunciphisa ukusebenza kwemoto kwaye iyenze ingasebenzi. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba ufunde kwaye uphuhlise iindlela kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kubavelisi beemoto ukujonga uzinzo lwe-thermal yezixhobo zemagnethi esisigxina, kunye nokuhlalutya amandla okulwa ne-demagnetization kwiifom ezahlukeneyo zolwakhiwo, ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo ahambelanayo ngexesha loyilo kunye nokuveliswa. ukuqinisekisa ukuba injini yemagnethi esisigxina ayiphulukani nemagnethi.
3.IiNdleko zeMiba
Kuba iimagnethi ezisisigxina zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zisabiza kakhulu, ixabiso leenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina emhlabeni jikelele ziphezulu kuneenjini zokuvuselela umbane, ekufuneka zihlawulwe ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokonga kwiindleko zokusebenza. Kwezinye iimeko, njengeemotor ze-coil zelizwi kwiidiski zekhompyuter, ukusetyenziswa kweemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-NdFeB kuphucula ukusebenza, kunciphisa kakhulu umthamo kunye nobunzima, kwaye kunciphisa iindleko zizonke. Xa kuyilwa, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uthelekiso lokusebenza kunye nexabiso ngokusekelwe kwizihlandlo ezithile zokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno, kunye nokuvuselela iinkqubo zesakhiwo kunye nokwandisa uyilo lokunciphisa iindleko.
I-Anhui Mingteng eSisigxina yeMagnet Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. (https://www.mingtengmotor.com/). Izinga lokuphelelwa nguzibuthe kwintsimbi yemagnethi yemagnethi esisigxina ayikho ngaphezulu kwewaka ngonyaka.
Izinto zemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-rotor yemagnethi esisigxina yenkampani yethu ithatha imveliso yamandla kamagnetic ephezulu kunye nokunyanzeliswa okuphezulu kwangaphakathi kwe-NdFeB, kwaye amabanga aqhelekileyo yi-N38SH, N38UH, N40UH, N42UH, njl. Thatha i-N38SH, ibakala elisetyenziswa rhoqo kwinkampani yethu. , njengomzekelo: 38- imele ubuninzi bemveliso yamandla kazibuthe ye-38MGOe; I-SH imele ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu be-150 ℃. I-UH inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu be-180 ℃. Inkampani iye yaqulunqa izixhobo zobuchwephesha kunye nezikhokelo zokudityaniswa kwentsimbi yemagnethi, kwaye yahlalutya ngokusemgangathweni ipolarity yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yemagnethi edityanisiweyo ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba ixabiso lemagnethi eliguquguqukayo lensimbi nganye lisondele, eliqinisekisa ukulingano kwemagnethi. isiphaluka kunye nomgangatho wendibano yentsimbi yamagnetic.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-30-2024